| Ferrous Iron Phosphorus in Sediments: Development of a Quantification Method through 2,2 '-Bipyridine Extraction | |
| Li, Qingman1,4; Wang, Xingxiang5; Bartlett, Rebecca4; Pinay, Gilles2,4; Kan, Dan1,3; Zhang, Wen1,3; Sun, Jingxian1,3; Li, QM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. | |
| 2012-11-01 | |
| Source Publication | WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
 |
| ISSN | 1061-4303 |
| Volume | 84Issue:11Pages:2037-2044 |
| Abstract | The role of ferrous iron in the phosphorus cycle of an aquatic ecosystem is poorly understood because of a lack of suitable methods to quantitatively evaluate ferrous iron phosphorus (FIP) phases. Using sediments sampled from Fubao Bay of Dianchi Lake in China, a novel extraction method for FIP using 2,2'-bipyridine was explored. Total phosphorus and iron in the sediments ranged from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/g (dry weight) and 28.5 to 90.6 mg/g, respectively. Organic content (as indicated by loss on ignition or LOI) and iron(II) ranged from 3.1 to 27.0% and 26.5 to 64.9 mg/g, respectively. The dissolution dynamics of FIP extraction with a low solid/liquid ratio (1: 25) indicated that a single application of 0.2% 2,2'-bipyridine extracted both iron(II) (Fe(II)) and phosphorus (as PO43-) in sediments with different organic contents with low efficiency. The extraction efficiency of Fe(II) was improved by alteration of the solid/liquid ratio, but the effect was limited. However, addition of a 1:1000 solid/liquid ratio of 0.5 M potassium chloride to a 0.2% 2,2'-bipyridine solution significantly accelerated extraction of FIP with the release of Fe(II) and phosphorus toward equilibrium at approximately 150 hours. Further investigation demonstrated that 2,2'-bipyridine exhibited a higher selectivity in distinguishing FIP from phosphorus bound to ferric (Fe(III)) oxides or precipitated by calcium (Ca2+). Air-drying sediments significantly decreased the amount of extracted FIP, which indicates that fresh, wet sediment should be used in this type of FIP extraction. Based on experimental results using the proposed extraction protocol, (1) FIP in sediments of Fubao Bay had a predominant status in the lake sediment and accounted for 23.4 to 39.8% of total phosphorus, and (2) Fe(II)(FIP) released in the extraction is directly proportional to phosphorus(FIP) (Fe(II)(FIP) = 2.84 x P-FIP + 0.0007; R-2 = 0.97) with an average molar ratio of Fe(II)(FIP)/P-FIP of 2.7. This study shows that FIP extraction with 2,2'-bipyridine is a robust method for releasing ferrous iron associated with phosphorus. Further, the high percentage of FIP in total phosphorus (40%) measured in the study site using this extraction method suggests that FIP might have been often underestimated in previous studies. Water Environ. Res., 84 2037 (2012).; The role of ferrous iron in the phosphorus cycle of an aquatic ecosystem is poorly understood because of a lack of suitable methods to quantitatively evaluate ferrous iron phosphorus (FIP) phases. Using sediments sampled from Fubao Bay of Dianchi Lake in China, a novel extraction method for FIP using 2,2'-bipyridine was explored. Total phosphorus and iron in the sediments ranged from 1.0 to 5.0 mg/g (dry weight) and 28.5 to 90.6 mg/g, respectively. Organic content (as indicated by loss on ignition or LOI) and iron(II) ranged from 3.1 to 27.0% and 26.5 to 64.9 mg/g, respectively. The dissolution dynamics of FIP extraction with a low solid/liquid ratio (1: 25) indicated that a single application of 0.2% 2,2'-bipyridine extracted both iron(II) (Fe(II)) and phosphorus (as PO43-) in sediments with different organic contents with low efficiency. The extraction efficiency of Fe(II) was improved by alteration of the solid/liquid ratio, but the effect was limited. However, addition of a 1:1000 solid/liquid ratio of 0.5 M potassium chloride to a 0.2% 2,2'-bipyridine solution significantly accelerated extraction of FIP with the release of Fe(II) and phosphorus toward equilibrium at approximately 150 hours. Further investigation demonstrated that 2,2'-bipyridine exhibited a higher selectivity in distinguishing FIP from phosphorus bound to ferric (Fe(III)) oxides or precipitated by calcium (Ca2+). Air-drying sediments significantly decreased the amount of extracted FIP, which indicates that fresh, wet sediment should be used in this type of FIP extraction. Based on experimental results using the proposed extraction protocol, (1) FIP in sediments of Fubao Bay had a predominant status in the lake sediment and accounted for 23.4 to 39.8% of total phosphorus, and (2) Fe(II)(FIP) released in the extraction is directly proportional to phosphorus(FIP) (Fe(II)(FIP) = 2.84 x P-FIP + 0.0007; R-2 = 0.97) with an average molar ratio of Fe(II)(FIP)/P-FIP of 2.7. This study shows that FIP extraction with 2,2'-bipyridine is a robust method for releasing ferrous iron associated with phosphorus. Further, the high percentage of FIP in total phosphorus (40%) measured in the study site using this extraction method suggests that FIP might have been often underestimated in previous studies. Water Environ. Res., 84 2037 (2012). |
| Subtype | Article |
| Keyword | Ferrous Iron Phosphorus Sediment 2,2 '-bipyridine |
| Department | [Li, Qingman; Kan, Dan; Zhang, Wen; Sun, Jingxian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China; [Pinay, Gilles] Univ Rennes, OSUR ECOBIO CNRS, F-350242 Rennes, France; [Kan, Dan; Zhang, Wen; Sun, Jingxian] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China; [Li, Qingman; Bartlett, Rebecca; Pinay, Gilles] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England; [Wang, Xingxiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China |
| DOI | 10.2175/106143012X13373575830872 |
| WOS Headings | Science & Technology ; Technology ; Life Sciences & Biomedicine ; Physical Sciences |
| Funding Organization | National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] |
| Indexed By | SCI |
| Language | 英语 |
| WOS Research Area | Engineering ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; Marine & Freshwater Biology ; Water Resources |
| WOS Subject | Engineering, Environmental ; Environmental Sciences ; Limnology ; Water Resources |
| WOS ID | WOS:000311040300005 |
| WOS Keyword | LAKE-SEDIMENTS ; DIANCHI LAKE ; WATER ; VIVIANITE ; PHOSPHATE ; RELEASE ; EUTROPHICATION ; ENVIRONMENT ; SIDERITE ; MOBILITY |
| Funding Organization | National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40873061] |
| Citation statistics | |
| Document Type | 期刊论文 |
| Identifier | http://ir.ihb.ac.cn/handle/342005/17246 |
| Collection | 水环境工程研究中心_期刊论文 |
| Corresponding Author | Li, QM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. |
| Affiliation | 1.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China 2.Univ Rennes, OSUR ECOBIO CNRS, F-350242 Rennes, France 3.Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China 4.Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China |
| Recommended Citation GB/T 7714 | Li, Qingman,Wang, Xingxiang,Bartlett, Rebecca,et al. Ferrous Iron Phosphorus in Sediments: Development of a Quantification Method through 2,2 '-Bipyridine Extraction[J]. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH,2012,84(11):2037-2044. |
| APA | Li, Qingman.,Wang, Xingxiang.,Bartlett, Rebecca.,Pinay, Gilles.,Kan, Dan.,...&Li, QM .(2012).Ferrous Iron Phosphorus in Sediments: Development of a Quantification Method through 2,2 '-Bipyridine Extraction.WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH,84(11),2037-2044. |
| MLA | Li, Qingman,et al."Ferrous Iron Phosphorus in Sediments: Development of a Quantification Method through 2,2 '-Bipyridine Extraction".WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH 84.11(2012):2037-2044. |
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